🪔 Dokra Art – Jharkhand
Dokra art (also called Dhokra art) is one of the most ancient and beautiful forms of metal casting practiced in Jharkhand. This craft is known for its rustic charm, intricate detailing, and use of the lost-wax casting method — an age-old technique that has been passed down through generations of tribal artisans.
Each Dokra creation — whether a tribal figurine, lamp, animal, or piece of jewelry — tells a story of tradition, creativity, and nature. No two pieces are ever the same, which makes every artwork truly unique.
Origin and History
Dokra art has its roots in India’s Indus Valley Civilization, dating back more than 4,000 years. The famous “Dancing Girl” statue of Mohenjo-Daro is believed to be made using the same lost-wax process that Dokra artisans use even today.
In Jharkhand, the craft flourished in regions like Hazaribagh, Ranchi, Palamu, and Khunti, where tribal communities such as the Dhokra Damar continued to preserve this ancient technique through oral tradition and apprenticeship.
Founder and Revival
Dokra art does not have a single known founder. It evolved naturally among tribal artisans who mastered the art of casting metal with simple tools and natural materials.
Over time, organizations like TRIFED, Jharcraft, and the Jharkhand State Khadi & Village Industries Board have supported artisans through training, exhibitions, and fair trade initiatives — helping this ancient art gain recognition both in India and abroad.
The Lost-Wax Process
The Dokra technique, also known as Cire Perdue, involves six main steps:
Clay Core Making – The shape of the object is made with natural clay.
Wax Modelling – The design is crafted using beeswax and resin.
Clay Coating – A fine clay layer is applied to form the mould.
Firing – The mould is heated, melting the wax and leaving a cavity.
Metal Pouring – Molten brass or bronze is poured into the mould.
Finishing – After cooling, the clay is broken to reveal the metal artwork.
Each piece is made by hand — no machinery, no repetition, only pure craftsmanship.
🎨 Designs and Themes
Dokra designs reflect the life and beliefs of tribal people. Popular motifs include:
Men and women dancing or playing drums
Elephants, horses, peacocks, and deities
Ritual lamps, masks, and ornaments
Every item represents a connection between man, nature, and spirit.
🏡 Regional Styles in Jharkhand
| Region | Specialty |
|---|---|
| Hazaribagh | Fine tribal motifs and delicate figures |
| Ranchi | Masks, jewelry, and decorative lamps |
| Palamu | Animal figures with rustic finish |
| Khunti | Functional art and traditional ware |
🏆 Recognition and Importance
Though Dokra art from Jharkhand hasn’t yet received its own GI (Geographical Indication) tag, it is widely recognized across India for its eco-friendly and sustainable approach.
Government initiatives like ODOP (One District One Product) and exhibitions by TRIFED have helped Jharkhand’s Dokra artisans showcase their work nationally and globally.
🌍 Global Reach
Today, Dokra art is admired around the world. From home décor to fashion jewelry, this ancient craft has found its place in modern homes, museums, and international art fairs. Designers collaborate with artisans to create new designs while keeping the essence of tradition alive.
Conclusion
From the ancient Dancing Girl of Mohenjo-Daro to the tribal artisans of Jharkhand, Dokra art has journeyed through time as a living symbol of India’s creativity and heritage.
Post Comment